Clause

Clause is a group of words which has a subject and verb (predicate). A sentence may have one or more clause. Clause can be divided into two, independent clasue and dependent clause. An independent clasue is a clause which can stand alone as a sentence, while dependent clause is a clause which cannot stand alone as a sentence. it is always attached to independent clause.

Complex Sentence

Complex Sentence is a sentence which consists of one independent clause and one or more dependent clause. The dependent clause is also called sub clause. The independent clause is connected by subordintaing conjubction or subordinator. The dependent clause can be noun clause, adjective clause or adverbial clause. The examples of complex sentences are as follows:

01. I know what you mean.
02. What you are reading is important.
03. The man who teaches English is from Australia.
04. Sally did not come to the meeting because he was sick.
05. They were watching TV when their father came in to their room.

What is Morphology?

In the 19th century, the term Morphology is the study of the change in the forms of words. The term is taken from the biological science, and refers to the study of shapes. In Linguistics this means the study of the shapes of words.
Syntax is the study of ways in which words are strung together. Many traditional grammars (grammar books) deal largely with morphology and have little to say about syntax. For many people the term grammar is equated with Morphology . For most linguists today grammar includes both Morphology and Syntax.

Morphological Structure

The domain of morphology is words. How words are formed is the concern of this field so morphological structure is the structure which consists of the elements to form words. The most common word formation in language including English is affixation. Affixation is the process of word formation by adding the affixes or bound morphemes in bases or roots (free morphemes). In other words morphological structure is the structure or forms of words primarily through the use of morpheme construct (Crystal, 1980: 232).
Morpheme is defined as the smallest meaningful unit of language (Lim Kiat Boey, 1975 : 37). Morphemes can be divided into two namely free morphemes and bound morphemes. Morphemes are the components which build words. The word singers, for example, consists of three meaningful units or morphemes, sing, –er, and –s. The morpheme sing which forms the word singers has the lexical meaning; the morpheme –er means the doer of singing; the morpheme –s has plural meaning. We can identify the meaning of the morpheme sing although it stands alone but we cannot identify the meaning of morphemes –er and –s in isolation. We can identify the meaning of the morpheme –er and –s after they combine to the morpheme sing. Sing which can meaningfully stand alone is called free morpheme while the morphemes such as –er and –s, which cannot meaningfully stand alone are called bound morphemes. Bound morphemes must be attached to free morphemes. Bound morphemes are also called affixes which can be classified into prefix, infix, and suffix. English only has two kinds of bound morphemes namely prefixes and suffixes. No infixes exist in English. Bound morphemes are classified into two types namely derivational and inflectional morphemes. Both inflectional and derivational morphemes play an important role in the larger structure namely syntactic structure.